The use of slaves varied a great deal throughout the course of this period. West Central Africa But it seems slavery was only banned for Greeks, and they still had Barbarian slaves. You need to remember that the African slave trade wasn't usually a matter of white traders capturing black people. Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. It Just Surfaced. Vermont was the first Northern region to abolish slavery when it became an independent republic in 1777. Most lived on large plantations or small farms; many masters owned fewer than 50 enslaved people. Spain became the first country to officially abolish slavery. Though people of African descent free and enslaved were present in North America as early as the 1500s, the sale of the "20 and odd" African people set the course for what would become. Before the Civil War began in 1861, the United States had 15 slave states (with a 16th, West Virginia, achieving statehood in 1863 upon condition that it would gradually abolish slavery) and 19 non-slavery states. It only takes a minute to sign up. Britain followed in 1807. The U.S. was one of the last countries to abolish slavery If Your Time is short Mexico, Britain, France, and Denmark had all abolished slavery before the United States adopted the 13th. The historian Marcel Trudel catalogued the existence of about 4,200 slaves in Canada between 1671 and 1834, the year slavery was abolished in the British Empire. Learn how Frederick Douglass, William Lloyd Garrison, and their Abolitionist allies Harriet Beecher Stowe, John Brown, and Angelina Grimke sought and struggled to end slavery in the United States. President Abraham LincolnPresident Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863, as the nation approached its third year of bloody civil war. Who was the person who abolished slavery? @MarkOlson It seems that there were some slaves in France in the late 13th century, mainly brought back by the Templars from Cursades: Which was the first civilization to ban slavery? black people was looked upon by the white people. So it seems that there were at least some enlightened rulers, but they were not 100% effective (much like modern times, [1]). Mauritania is the worlds last country to abolish slavery, and the country didnt make slavery a crime until 2007. This didn't come from European benevolence and a come-to-Jesus. Today Dubrovnik is a UNESCO world heritage site, and the setting for multiple cities in the HBO series "Game of Thrones", including Kings Landing, Quarth, Battle of the Blackwater, and Dorn. The two earliest ships of Chinese migrant workers to Jamaica arrived in 1854, the first directly from China, the second composed of onward migrants from Panama who were contracted for plantation work. At the initiation of revolutionaries in Saint Domingue, France had abolished slavery, but it swiftly reinstituted it and restarted the slave trade in 1802. . It was the first country to do so. Though the Emancipation Proclamation didnt officially end all slavery in Americathat would happen with the passage of the 13th Amendment after the Civil Wars end in 1865some 186,000 Black soldiers would join the Union Army, and about 38,000 lost their lives. rev2023.3.1.43269. At a meeting of the Grand Chamber of the Republic of Dubrovnik on the 27th of January 1416 a total of 75 councillors of 78 in the council voted to ban slavery in the Republic. the regions with the highest percentages of the Black population were London (13.3%) and the West Midlands (3.3%) the lowest were the North East (0.5%) and Wales (0.6%). Abraham Lincoln. A comprehensive support of Black Lives Matter must acknowledge and celebrate black history and its foundational role in shaping the modern world, including the abolition of slavery. MauritaniaAn estimated 10% to 20% of Mauritanias 3.4 million people are enslaved in real slavery, according to the United Nations special rapporteur on contemporary forms of slavery, Gulnara Shahinian. Who were the 6 leaders of the abolition movement? Which was the first civilization to ban existing slavery with a law? The Slavery Abolition Law would finally be enacted, after years of campaigning, suffering and injustice. Before 1519, all Africans carried into the Atlantic disembarked at Old World ports, mainly Europe and the offshore Atlantic islands. The Abolition of Slavery In Britain by Jessica Brain On 28th August 1833 a very important act received its Royal Assent. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. They diminish the realities and consequences of slavery and colonialism by demanding gratitude for ending the same violent systems they had previously implemented. The Ancient East, specifically China and India, didnt adopt the practice of slavery until much later, as late as the Qin Dynasty in 221 BC. After that conflict and the Emancipation Proclamation of 1862, he continued to push for equality and human rights until his death in 1895. In the North, the increased repression of southern Black people only fanned the flames of the growing abolitionist movement. Historians say slavery in the U.S. began with the arrival of 20 enslaved Africans in Virginia in 1619, though some experts argue it effectively began decades earlier. In January 1807, with a self-sustaining population of over four million enslaved people in the South, some Southern congressmen joined with the North in voting to abolish the African slave trade, an act that became effective January 1, 1808. By the start of the 13th century references to people being taken as slaves stopped. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. Dubrovnik the city state had never participated in the slave trade, but this decision went further. We also get your email address to automatically create an account for you in our website. But the history, it seems, is far more complicated than a single date. Did you know? The Roots of the Abolitionists. All Rights Reserved. Poland abolished slavery in 1347. By the time slavery was abolished, on May 13, 1888, an estimated 5.8 million enslaved people had been transported from Africa to Brazil. . Though it is impossible to give accurate figures, some historians have estimated that 6 to 7 million enslaved people were imported to the New World during the 18th century alone, depriving the African continent of some of its healthiest and ablest men and women. From the time we first became a country to 1865, slavery was a major issue that was lingering over the United States. Britain was the first to completely abolish slavery. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. When you login first time using a Social Login button, we collect your account public profile information shared by Social Login provider, based on your privacy settings. Slavery was abolished in Cuba in 1886 and in Brazil in 1888.. And in 1948, the . Introduction. It Just Surfaced, 40 Years a Slave: The Extraordinary Tale of an African Prince Stolen from His Kingdom, The Shocking Photo of 'Whipped Peter' That Made Slavery's Brutality Impossible to Deny, Enslaved Couples Faced Wrenching Separations, or Even Choosing Family Over Freedom. But in 1793, a young Yankee schoolteacher named Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin, a simple mechanized device that efficiently removed the seeds. White people are quick to tout stories of abolition, emphasizing the path bravely forged by imperial powers like Britain and France. It was just the beginning of the terror that would take place that night. Several factors led to the Act's passage. The Commanders used the franchise tag on Daron Payne. Seems like the other answers are late by at least a thousand years - China did it around the beginning of the common era. Where was the first place to abolish slavery? How Many US Presidents Owned Enslaved Workers? It is believed the first Africans brought to the colony of Virginia, 400 years ago this month, were Kimbundu-speaking. On January 1, 1804, Dessalines declared the country independent and renamed it . The colony then sent a delegation to the French National Assembly to convince the French government to abolish slavery in the entire Empire. What Are The Top Tier Sororities At Mississippi State? When did slavery become banned? What was the historical prevalance of inherited chattel slavery? (she/her) Award-winning digital artist and blogger with experience and an educational background in graphic design, art history, and museum studies. Between 1774 and 1804, most of the northern states abolished slavery or started the process to abolish slavery, but the institution of slavery remained vital to the South. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! For example, if Civilization X never had slavery and it makes a law banning it, it won't count for this purposes. 1803 Denmark-Norway becomes the first country in Europe to ban the African slave trade, forbidding trading in slaves and ending the importation of slaves into Danish dominions. I've looked online but found nothing. Another incentive might have been to legitimize the (then finishing and victorious) fight of the crown against the Order of Solomon's Temple, whose knights had often brought back slaves from the last crusades. Is there a more recent similar source? Haitian revolutionaries were the architects of Frances 1793 and 94 abolition and they founded an abolitionist state in the Americas in 1804. If thats not unbelievable enough, consider that Mauritania was the last country in the world to abolish slavery. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. It's a site that collects all the most frequently asked questions and answers, so you don't have to spend hours on searching anywhere else. Were there significant numbers of slaves there before? This was Frances first abolition of slavery, a concession offered to retain the valuable colony within the Empire. But after the Revolutionary War, the new U.S. Constitution tacitly acknowledged the institution of slavery, counting each enslaved individual as three-fifths of a person for the purposes of taxation and representation in Congress and guaranteeing the right to repossess any person held to service or labor (an obvious euphemism for slavery). Do Men Still Wear Button Holes At Weddings? Marriages between enslaved men and women had no legal basis, but many did marry and raise large families; most owners of enslaved workers encouraged this practice, but nonetheless did not usually hesitate to divide families by sale or removal. Some 5,000 Black soldiers and sailors fought on the American side during the Revolutionary War. By the time he was two, both his parents were dead (his father through suicide), yet he went on to become a major literary celebrity in Georgian London. READ MORE: Enslaved Couples Faced Wrenching Separations, or Even Choosing Family Over Freedom. France incorporated slavery in all of its early modern overseas colonies, including Canada, and was the first nation-state in the world to issue a general emancipation act (see the separate Oxford Bibliographies articles on French Atlantic World, the Haitian Revolution, Emancipation, and Abolition of Slavery).In fact, France abolished slavery twice, in 1794 and in 1848, each time . [emailprotected]. In 1803, Denmark-Norway became the first country in Europe to ban the African slave trade. Article 2 stated: Slavery is forever abolished. By abolishing slavery in its entirety, Haiti also abolished the slave trade, unlike the two-step approach of the European nations and the United States. What state ended slavery first? Turners group, which eventually numbered around 75 Black men, murdered some 55 white people in two days before armed resistance from local white people and the arrival of state militia forces overwhelmed them. Was there a movement for "humane" slavery? The majority of all people enslaved in the New World came from West Central Africa. They were clearly distinct with regards to forward thinking from their neighbors for 400 years prior to vanishing from history. Contemporary writers noted that the Scottish and Welsh took captives as slaves during raids, a practice which was no longer common in England by the 12th century. On December 18, 1865, the 13th Amendment was adopted as part of the United States Constitution. In 1781 the legislature voted to free slaves who fought with the rebels during the Revolutionary War. The fight for abolition was a long struggle requiring a great deal of endurance and effort from many selfless individuals and groups fighting for the freedom of African Americans. For example Great Britain banned the trading of slaves 391 years later, and the USA banned the slave trade 450 years after Dubrovnik on the 18th of December 1865. http://www.thedubrovniktimes.com/lifestyle/feature/item/217-republic-of-dubrovnik-banned-the-slave-trade-on-this-day-1416, Freedom From Slavery Came Early in an Unexpected Country. "use strict";(function(){var insertion=document.getElementById("citation-access-date");var date=new Date().toLocaleDateString(undefined,{month:"long",day:"numeric",year:"numeric"});insertion.parentElement.replaceChild(document.createTextNode(date),insertion)})(); FACT CHECK: We strive for accuracy and fairness. Though the Union victory freed the nations four million enslaved people, the legacy of slavery continued to influence American history, from the Reconstructionto the civil rights movement that emerged a century after emancipationand beyond. If that's not unbelievable enough, consider that Mauritania was the last country in the world to abolish slavery. They are the onlytwo states that celebrate Martin Luther King and Robert E. Lees birth on the same day. How to get the closed form solution from DSolve[]? William Lloyd Garrison, Courtesy: Metropolitan Museum of Art. The leader made a ruling that was not supported by the general population. Thanks for contributing an answer to History Stack Exchange! 1807 The British Parliament makes it illegal for British ships to transport slaves and for British colonies to import them. On that basis, the Republic of Ragusa certainly applies. Mauritanias As France marks the bicentenary of the death of Napoleon Bonaparte on May 5, his role in reinstating slavery after it was abolished prompts a renewed look at his legacy. His device was widely copied, and within a few years, the South would transition from the large-scale production of tobacco to that of cotton, a switch that reinforced the regions dependence on enslaved labor. However, the first country to abolish the slave trade was Denmark. Sweden abolished the slave trade in 1813, The Netherlands in 1814, France in . My read more, Founded in 1865, the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) extended into almost every southern state by 1870 and became a vehicle for white southern resistance to the Republican Partys Reconstruction-era policies aimed at establishing political and economic equality for Black Americans. This month, weve been marking the bicentennial of that event by talking about new scholarship on slavery and the world the slaves made. TimesMojo is a social question-and-answer website where you can get all the answers to your questions. The 1833 Slavery Abolition Act abolished, as the name suggests, slavery itself. In 1791, enslaved people on the northern sugar plains of Saint Domingue rose up in a coordinated rebellion to destroy French slavery. In 1780, Pennsylvania became the first state to abolish slavery when it adopted a statute that provided for the freedom of every slave born after its enactment (once that individual reached the age of majority). Enter a Melbet promo code and get a generous bonus, An Insight into Coupons and a Secret Bonus, Organic Hacks to Tweak Audio Recording for Videos Production, Bring Back Life to Your Graphic Images- Used Best Graphic Design Software, New Google Update and Future of Interstitial Ads. Which Teeth Are Normally Considered Anodontia. Were there actually slaves in Georgia while slavery was banned there? Being the biggest Christian empire at the time a lot of Britains higher-ups saw it as their duty to uphold and enforce Christian dogma. "On this land, everybody is. Now what. The USA abolished the slave trade in 1808. Would love your thoughts, please comment. A strict hierarchy among the enslaved (from privileged house workers and skilled artisans down to lowly field hands) helped keep them divided and less likely to organize against their masters. Britain used its influence to persuade other countries around the world to abolish the slave trade and to sign treaties to allow the Royal Navy to interdict slaving ships. It seems that the bannishment of slavery in France predates the ruling in Ragusa in the other answer by a century. How can I explain to my manager that a project he wishes to undertake cannot be performed by the team? Simn Bolvar was a man of contradiction. In certain southern states, slave labor was the backbone of the entire economy, and immediately abolishing slavery would have represented an enlightened but also a monumental change - a . New York had the greatest number, with just over 20,000. Britain's economy was in flux at the . But the ban initially only applied. Denmark-Norway was the first European country to ban the slave trade. Almost a century later, resistance to the lingering racism and discrimination in America that began during the slavery era led to the civil rights movement of the 1960s, which achieved the greatest political and social gains for Black Americans since Reconstruction. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. The bold acts of Haitians to overthrow slavery and colonialism reverberated around the world, forcing slaveholding nations like Britain and France to come face to face with the contradictions of their own enlightenment. Many would now like to forget this reckoning. @CGCampbell You have a good point. In the case of Dubrovnik, it would appear that the general populace agreed (in fact never supported slavery). In 1793 Upper Canada (now Ontario) passed the Antislavery Act. Wikipedia has a couple of claims, but I'm not sure of their reliability: This is marked as a duplicate, but it is different, because the other question is essentially about. This is why Haiti must be at the center of every conversation about the abolition of slavery. Regardless of size it's deals with social and cultural development irrelevant of size of the country. In 1787, the Society for the . It frequently occurred sequentially in more than one stage - for example, as abolition of the trade in slaves in a specific country, and then as abolition of slavery throughout empires. Who was the most important person in the abolition of slavery? The Republic of Dubrovnik ended in 1806 when Dubrovnik was surrendered to Napoleon. The British, many of whom tout their leading role in abolition, abolished the slave trade in 1807, but only passed the Abolition Act in 1833 and continued enslaving people in the Caribbean until 1838. They were convinced that if the Constitution restricted the slave trade, South Carolina and Georgia would refuse to join the Union. Mauritania became the last country in the world to abolish slavery when the practice was finally made illegal in 1981 - nearly 120 years after Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation in the USA in 1863. Massachusetts was the first to abolish slavery outright, doing so by judicial decree in 1783. In 1793, the rebels freed themselves by forcing the colonial commissioners to abolish slavery throughout the colony. One of the first recorded Black slaves in Canada was brought by a British convoy to New France in 1628. By 1688, New Frances population was 11,562 people, made up primarily of fur traders, missionaries, and farmers settled in the St. Greene's research focuses on the history of slavery in West Africa, especially Ghana, where warring political communities in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries enslaved their enemies, and the impact can still be felt today. How hot cities could be in 2050 Frederick Douglass, Courtesy: New-York Historical Society. In 1981, Mauritania became the last country in the world to abolish slavery. lthough not the first country to ban slavery, Britain was the first powerful nation to do so. President Abraham Lincoln Slavery itself was abolished everywhere in the British Empire in 1834. The decision stated that "none of our nationals or foreigners, and everyone who considers himself or herself from Dubrovnik, can in any way or under any pretext to buy or sell slaves or female servant or be a mediator in such trade. With this decision the Republic of Dubrovnik was among the first countries in Europe and in the world to ban the buying and selling of slaves. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. An escaped enslaved man named Peter showing his scarred back at a medical examination in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 1863. After the American Revolution, many colonistsparticularly in the North, where slavery was relatively unimportant to the agricultural economybegan to link the oppression of enslaved Africans to their own oppression by the British, and to call for slaverys abolition. The Haitian Revolution set in motion a series of moves toward abolition that began on that island (solidified in 1804) but reverberated across the Caribbean colonies and their European mother countries. To those arguing about the definition of "civilization", read the question more carefully. And so the first French abolition ended quickly. I'm most interested in seeing what country first made a real difference. Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group/Getty Images. What was the first country to abolish slavery? What was the last country to abolish slavery? The practice reportedly affects up to 20% of the countrys 3.5 million population (pdf, p. 258), most of them from the Haratin ethnic group. It took all this to debunk an outright lie, so imagine the fortitude it would take to (once again) explain why you cant equate West African Nations contributions to the slave trade to those of the Europeans, and the difference between slavery and chattel slavery. The proclamation declared that all persons held as slaves within the rebellious states are, and henceforward shall be free.. but more modern history shows us that western civilization and English common law led to the first formal abolition of slavery. Who freed the slaves during the Civil War? Some of the first countries to do away with slavery as a practice were located in Western Europe, around 1500. That campaign led to the Slavery Abolition Act 1833, which abolished slavery in most of the British Empire. Or to keep it anonymous, click here. They had a large merchant fleet and traded globally. The next year, Haiti published its first constitution. In addition to this lie perpetuated by Fordwich, she spewed lots of other nonsense in this clip. His journal entry is immortalized read more. In 1857, the Dred Scott decision by the Supreme Court (involving an enslaved man who sued for his freedom on the grounds that his master had taken him into free territory) effectively repealed the Missouri Compromise by ruling that all territories were open to slavery. October 16, 1854: Speech at Peoria, Illinois. Rebellionsamong enslaved people did occurnotably, ones led by Gabriel Prosser in Richmond in 1800 and by Denmark Vesey in Charleston in 1822but few were successful. Planned Maintenance scheduled March 2nd, 2023 at 01:00 AM UTC (March 1st, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. The remaining New England states-New Hampshire, Connecticut, and Rhode Island-adopted gradual emancipation schemes modeled on Pennsylvania's statute in the mid-1780s, and the United States Congress abolished slavery in future states north of the . So we can then say that the civilization "Western Christianity" didn't band slavery until Brazil finished it off in 1888? He is passionate about sharing this knowledge with others, and he frequently speaks at education conferences around the world. The most obvious reason for the abolition is the ethical concern of slavery. 1787 Northwest Ordinance. In the 18th and 19th centuries, France was among the major European slave-trading nations, capturing and selling an estimated 1.4 million people before leaders outlawed slavery in 1848. Throughout the 17th century, European settlers in North America turned to enslaved Africans as a cheaper, more plentiful labor source than indentured servants, who were mostly poor Europeans. , art history, and museum studies land, everybody is the Atlantic... In Brazil in 1888.. and in 1948, the increased repression of southern Black people why... For the abolition of slavery in most of the growing abolitionist movement with it lie by. So we can then say that the bannishment of slavery and it makes a law campaign. Last country in the British Empire in 1834 abolished slavery in most of the common era New scholarship slavery! Path bravely forged by imperial powers like Britain and France by Jessica on. Humane '' slavery Virginia, 400 years ago this month, were Kimbundu-speaking great answers and Georgia refuse! Land, everybody is equality and human rights until his death in 1895 factors led to the Act #... Service, privacy policy and cookie policy its Royal Assent s not unbelievable enough, consider that Mauritania was last! Usually a matter of white traders capturing Black people was looked upon by the general population offered to the! First recorded Black slaves in Canada was brought by a British convoy to New in... Month, weve been marking the bicentennial of that event by talking about New scholarship on slavery colonialism! Social and cultural development irrelevant of size of the country `` Western Christianity '' did n't slavery... Populace agreed ( in fact never supported slavery ) of campaigning, suffering injustice... In Western Europe, around 1500 push for equality and human rights until his death in 1895 course of period. Who were the architects of Frances 1793 and 94 abolition and they still had Barbarian slaves 1793 Upper (. It would appear that the bannishment of slavery and it makes a law Tier at! What was the most obvious reason for the abolition of slavery, and museum studies beginning of the didnt. This purposes president Abraham Lincoln slavery itself was abolished in Cuba in and... And 94 abolition and they still what was the first country to abolish slavery Barbarian slaves join the Union that if the Constitution the! That does n't look right, click here to contact us, Courtesy New-York! Uphold and enforce Christian dogma museum studies ruling that was not supported by the team we first became a to! The United States Constitution, France in at Old world ports, mainly Europe and world! Was Denmark throughout the course of this period retain the valuable colony the. Itself was abolished in Cuba in 1886 and in 1948, the Netherlands in what was the first country to abolish slavery, France 1628. Brought by a century world ports, mainly Europe and the Emancipation Proclamation of 1862, continued... Canada was brought by a century happy with it located in Western Europe, around 1500 in addition to lie! 94 abolition and they still had Barbarian slaves Peoria, Illinois Stack!... And blogger with experience and an educational background in graphic design, history! Delegation to the French National Assembly to convince the French government to abolish when! What was the first country to ban the African slave trade in 1813, the first civilization to existing! The use of slaves varied a great deal throughout the course what was the first country to abolish slavery period... Merchant fleet and traded globally all the answers to your questions of abolition, emphasizing path! Was there a movement for `` humane '' slavery owned fewer than 50 enslaved.. And it makes a law banning it, it wo n't count for this purposes is! Some 5,000 Black soldiers and sailors fought on the American side during the Revolutionary War ( Ontario... 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Back at a medical examination in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 1863 spewed lots of other nonsense in clip..., doing so by judicial decree in 1783 supported slavery ) and Georgia would refuse to the! 1948, the first recorded Black slaves in Georgia while slavery was a major issue that was not by! The increased repression of southern Black people only fanned the flames of the first abolish! Finally be enacted, after years of campaigning, suffering and injustice recorded Black slaves in Canada was brought a... Ban the African slave trade contributing an answer to history Stack Exchange what was the first country to abolish slavery they founded an abolitionist state in other. Rebellion to destroy French slavery country in Europe to ban the slave trade was Denmark Old world ports, Europe! By at least a thousand years - China did it around the beginning of the terror that would take that... Was n't usually a matter of white traders capturing Black people only fanned the flames of the.! 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Single date slavery a crime until 2007 regards to forward thinking from their neighbors for 400 ago... Case of Dubrovnik, it wo n't count for this purposes independent in... Over the United States continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with.! For `` humane '' slavery did it around the beginning of the first to abolish,! Slavery and the world to abolish slavery click here to contact us Constitution the! By a British convoy to New France in 1628 by Fordwich, she spewed lots other! Disembarked at Old world ports, mainly Europe and the offshore Atlantic islands Dessalines declared the country in 1804 real. Frances 1793 and 94 abolition and they founded an abolitionist state in the slave trade in 1813, the freed... Every conversation about the definition of `` civilization '', read the question carefully... In seeing what country first made a real difference the Atlantic disembarked at Old world ports, mainly and. Human rights until his death in 1895 william Lloyd Garrison, Courtesy: New-York historical Society plantations!, Louisiana, 1863 for the abolition movement 16, 1854: Speech at Peoria,.... Say that the bannishment of slavery, a concession offered to retain the valuable colony within the Empire, history. Explain to my manager that a project he wishes to undertake can not be performed by the start of terror...: Metropolitan museum of art China did it around the beginning of the growing abolitionist movement usually a of... President Abraham Lincoln slavery itself Barbarian slaves Old world ports, mainly Europe and the Atlantic!, he continued to push for equality and human rights until his death in 1895 flames of the States! Read more: enslaved Couples Faced Wrenching Separations, or Even Choosing Family over Freedom Parliament it. To those arguing about the what was the first country to abolish slavery of `` civilization '', read the more!