During the early 1960s, Balto said, internal initiatives to increase recruitment helped diversify the Chicago Police Department an effort further bolstered by a 1973 discrimination suit filed by the citys Afro-American Patrolmens League. Anywhere from 12 to 20% of those involved in the justice system can be considered persistent offenders. Recidivism is when an offender is returned to custody for a violation of supervised release or commit a new offense while under supervision. If an individual does not value equity, inclusion, and diversity, their judgments will not be aligned to provide fair treatment and the broad representation and perspectives of society. The net effects of history's injustices are staggering. According to statistics 92% of those arrested for possession of crack were Black Americans and 85% of those arrested for possession of powdered cocaine were White Americans. The findings, featured on the cover of the Feb. 12 issue of the journal Science, suggest that increasing diversity within police departments may decrease police mistreatment of minority communities. Whatever changes take place in society, it is probable that religious programs and practices in correctional settings will continue to be an active part of prison life. Sociologically, multiculturalism assumes that society as a whole benefits from increased diversity through the harmonious coexistence of different cultures. Statistics clearly show there are issues of economic status and race are factors in the criminal justice system. Since over 90% of inmates are male, this means that many youths may only develop relationship with a key male role model within the confines of the justice system. Prior to being ruled unconstitutional the state of Minnesota had a law that stipulated first-time users of crack cocaine would receive a mandatory four-year sentence, however first-time users of powder cocaine would receive probation. Always make your living doing something you enjoy. . Restoration is a concept of justice where the offender and the victim (either a person or society) work together to resolve the issue. Is it intrusive if a search of a transgender offender is conducted by a member of the opposite sex? Social diversity and multiculturalism is more prevalent in the justice system than in the rest of society. It also means that youth experience the criminal justice system via visiting a parent in jail/prison, going to court, or dealing with the loss of the individual in their daily life. Not all for the better. The field of criminal justice allows for a wide assortment of research interests, and as such, only a student's imagination limits this research. A recent report on racial and gender diversity from the American Constitution Society found that white men comprise 58 percent of state court judges, even though they make up less than one-third . IE 11 is not supported. Policing is the defense of communities, the duty of making . 144 lessons. Multiculturalism typically develops according to one of two . Developing cultural competence is an ongoing process that begins with cultural awareness and a commitment to understanding the role that culture plays in behavioral health services. Diversity in law enforcement helps us understand that all kinds of people are needed in this job. This situation can become deadly if the police officer assumes that any actions taken by this individual will be violent. Instead of using probation as a legitimate sanction, probation has become a feeding ground for further involvement in the justice system through conditions that do not serve to address dynamic patterns that are likely to be criminogenic (result in further involvement in criminal behavior). According to the Bureau of Prisons the average cost of incarceration for Federal Inmates is $36,299.25 per year for 2017. So too, culturally responsive organizational policies and procedures support staff engagement in culturally responsive care by establishing access to training, supervision, and congruent policies and procedures that enable staff to respond in a culturally appropriate manner to offender psychological, linguistic, and physical needs. The failure to use existing science in crime policy contributes to the continued use of expensive (incarceration) means to punish people. The increasing ethnic, racial, cultural, religious, and language diversity in nations throughout the world is forcing educators and policymakers to rethink existing notions of citizenship and nationality. What unique challenges do lesbian, bisexual, gay, and transgender, (LBGT) inmates pose for jail operations? For correctional professionals, the first step is to understand their own cultures as a basis for understanding others. Respect we embrace diversity and recognize the value and dignity of staff, inmates, and the general public. That is, these practices present brick walls. If we intend to undo the consequences while protecting public safety, we have to begin by addressing some common misconceptions. Similarly, with bisexual inmates, protective custody housing typically is offered, with the inmate having the opportunity to waive out to the general population. Bias isn't always bad if it's based on specific situations and not applied to broad groups of people. Tensions between law enforcement officers and minorities have caused agencies to seek measures designed to reform police-community relations. The aim is not related to political activism. Essentially the U.S. does not have a system of community punishments (sanctions). But little has been said thus far concerning the continuation of the surgical procedures. The Supreme Court held that California's prison system violated inmates' Eighth Amendment rights. Culture Diversity in Criminal Justice. On face value the law was clear representation of institutional racism. Culture is the conceptual system developed by a community or society to structure the way people view the world. In fact, fear-provoking sanctions may yield unintended consequences that decrease, not increase, the sense of control citizens have over their lives (Braithwaite & Pettit 1990) provoking recidivism. Though the challenges of diversity seem difficult to overcome, it is necessary because the legal system needs to be as fair as possible. The lack of knowledge of groups lead to offense and distrust from groups towards authority, this then leads to hostility, non-compliance, and lack of involvement from communities of different ethnicities. Is there a perception of being violated similar to that which could be experienced by a person with female anatomy and female gender identity if searched by a male officer? After the passage of AB 109, offenders could be jailed for up to decades depending on the number of charges. The most prominent cultural diversity issue in American criminal justice is the perception of and concomitant attempts to prevent racially biased policing. Examples Some of the national and international direct and indirect examples of diversity in the criminal justice system are the following: 1. For the paper, Knox and his colleagues analyzed data on nearly 3 million Chicago Police Department patrol assignments. Should Facilities place a trans-woman in a female housing unit even though she still possesses male genitalia? The most prominent cultural diversity issue in American criminal justice is the perception of and concomitant attempts to prevent racially biased policing. Examples of racial disparities in addiction treatment include differences in: access to quality treatment. How to appropriately deal with diverse issues and situations in the correctional settings. Balancing the threat of bias against running a fair and efficient legal system is outside the scope of this lesson, but it is an important topic that deserves consideration. What will it take to undo the mass incarceration (and over-criminalization) policies and practices that have taken root in our public policy while recognizing the need for sound policy to prevent and control crime? The development of cultural competence can have far-reaching effects not only for offender, but also for providers and communities. Restoration is a more collaborative approach to resolving crimes and is often used in crimes involving juveniles. When an individual is involved in the criminal justice system, families and communities are also involved. This has created an insatiable appetite resulting in the policies and practices of mass incarceration. An individuals cultural identity reflects the values, norms, and worldview of the larger culture, but it is de- fined by more than these factors. Rather, it builds on the premise that real punishment emerges from incarceration. Police violence is not an issue of representation.. Gender Diversity Issues; One of the oldest diversity issues observed in a work environment is based on an individual's gender. Female inmates tend to come from a lower socioeconomic status, have a lower education, possess limited skills, are single parents, and are predominately women of color. Read more about our work on public equality duty below. This is due to guild issues surrounding children, as well as unresolved pre-incarceration issues such as abuse. However, numerous landmark reviews have foundthat certain groupsface poorer outcomes in the criminal justice system than their peers. And in recent years, police response to minor infractions have set off many protests against police brutality including the 2014 killing of Laquan McDonald in Chicago. Unfair bias can also occur during the court process, which involves judges and juries. This might be the case in some instances, but there is evidence some inmates have been changed for the better due to their incarceration and participation in religious practice. What is the process of becoming culturally competent as a correctional professional or culturally responsive as an institution? Federal court decisions, as well as state and federal laws support this right, however, this right must not interfere with the security of the institution. Following the course of action that would be . An example would . 11 Pages. Its an old question, and one thats really hard to answer.. We advocate for policies and services to be co-designed with people from minoritised groups. Some attribute the decline in the crime rate to the rising use of jail and prison. Womens Relationships Gender-responsive program at FPC Bryan Female inmates at the Federal Prison Camp, Bryan, Texas, have a unique opportunity to address the challenges of incarceration and to address some of the issues that led to their involvement in the criminal justice system. The costs of administering incarceration policies have affected nearly all aspects of our society. This is the best evidence to date that officer demographics have an influence on policing, said Harvard sociologist Joscha Legewie, who was not involved in the study. Severe sentences produce the best outcomes. Describe how culture impacts communications from criminal justice professionals, using appropriate terminology. Thoughtful classroom setup and structure supports two of the four anti-bias domains: Diversity and Justice. Like any system with different parts operated by different people, there are occasional problems because humans vary on how they process and act on information. The difference between female and male prison populations are significant in many ways. However, deterrence may not work in all cases because offenders think they can get away with the crime and avoid apprehension and punishment. The reason this is an issue with judges is because they have the highest discretion in legal matters. Another contributing factor to prison overcrowding is recidivism. The average sentence in the US is an average of six months longer than in 1988. Instead, we have a probation system designed to trap people into a life of involvement with the justice system. Relative to white officers on the same assignments in the same neighborhoods, Black officers were less likely to stop, arrest, and use force against civilians. 2530 Words. Mandatory minimum and Three Strikes laws has contributed to the growth of prisons population and overcrowding. This is significant to faith representatives who will need to be well-versed in a variety of faiths and cultural perspectives. What will it take to undo the mass incarceration (and over-criminalization) policies and practices that have taken root in our public policy while recognizing the need for sound policy to prevent and control crime? Thats what we expect, said Regina Russell, co-chair at the Chicago Alliance Against Racist and Political Repression. When the country began, we relied heavily on our British roots to guide our systems, and corrections is no different. Together with the steep increase in the number of people going to prison, this has resulted in policies of mass incarceration. For the criminal justice system to befair and effective, criminal justice agencies must ensure all individuals have an equal opportunity to thrive, regardless of their age, race, sex, religion or any otherprotected characteristic. enable a system, agency, or group of professionals to work effectively in cross- cultural situations (Cross et al. This is significant to faith representatives who will need to be well-versed in a variety of faiths and cultural perspectives. The process involves counseling, lifestyle changes, hormone replacement therapy, and ultimately surgical procedures to either implant or remove breasts and to reconstruct the genitalia. This influence began prior to the creation of the prison system and expanded with a correctional philosophy aimed at rehabilitation. An increase in the crime rate and changes to sentencing laws in the 1990s led to an increase in incarceration rates. The First Amendment of the United States Constitution allows, for the practice. Developing cultural competence is an ongoing process that begins with cultural awareness and a commitment to understanding the role that culture plays in behavioral health services. However as American began to grow, this type of punishment would no longer work. Overall, evidence-based practices are available but underutilized in correctional settings. Why or why not? County funding from the state actually depends on the recidivism rates and rates of prison sentences from each county. Over the decade, it was seen that women's participation in the workforce dropped drastically from over 80% to less than 50%. Many are looking for ways to reduce their prison populations. Sex between any persons in a correctional setting is forbidden, period. In 2020, webrought together experts from across the criminal justice system to explore how we can increase workforce diversity through recruitment, retention, progression and measuring impact. Initiatives in cultural diversity training are noted, and ways in which the cultural diversity training movement authenticates theoretical approaches to social phenomena are examined. These include Chinatown, Corso Italia, Greektown, Koreatown, Little India, Little Italy, Little Jamaica, Little Portugal and the Polish community in an area known as Roncesvalles. According to the report completed by the Department of Justice / EEOC, "Research further suggests that increased diversity can make law enforcement agencies more open to reform, more willing to initiate cultural and systemic changes, and more . Incarceration policies particularly affect communities where the return of individuals is concentrated with increased STDs, pregnancy rates, and lack of male role models. Support your answer with information from the readings. Problems can arise when unfair bias prevents a person from looking fairly at the evidence before making a decision. This created a situation where California had to make significant changes to the way it managed offenders and incarceration. This punishment needs to be severe enough to prevent future crime. Diversity Issues in Criminal Justice The diversity issue focused on in this paper will be racial disparity in sentencing. Additionally, felon offenders lose (sometimes permanently) the ability to vote and participate in our democracy, which in turn stigmatizes and hinders productive societal participation. 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